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研究:糟糕的婚姻关系 有害于健康

kira86 于2018-08-08发布 l 已有人浏览
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最新研究表明,和谐的婚姻关系,有益于健康;糟糕的婚姻关系,有害于健康。而美满婚姻的关键在于沟通。
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Study: Bad Marriage, Bad Health

研究:糟糕的婚姻关系有害健康

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.

你正在收听的是美国之音w88中文学习节目,这里是健康和生活方式报告。

Traditional wedding vows often include the promise to be by your spouse's side "in sickness and in health, 'til death do you part." Or something similar. Well, if you are in a bad marriage, the death part may come sooner than expected.

传统的结婚誓言往往包括承诺“无论疾病还是健康,都永不分离”都陪在你的配偶身边。或者类似的誓言。好吧,如果你婚姻不幸,那么死神可能比预期要来得早。

A new study finds that a stressful marriage may be unhealthy, especially for men. In fact, for some people it may be as bad as smoking.

一项新的研究发现,紧张的婚姻关系可能不利于健康,对男性来说尤其如此。事实上,对某些人来说,不幸的婚姻可能和吸烟的有害程度一样。

But other studies say marriage helps us live longer

但其它研究表明,婚姻有助于长寿。

This finding seems to be opposite of many other studies that say marriage improves health. For example, one British study found that being married improved a person's chances of surviving a heart attack. The researchers said married people had shorter hospital stays.

这一发现似乎与称婚姻改善健康的研究相反。例如,一项英国研究发现,结婚改善了一个人心脏病发的几率。研究人员称,已婚人士住院时间较短。

And experts at Harvard Medical School write on their website that married people:

而哈佛医学院的专家在它们的网站上写到,已婚人士:

* live longer

更长寿

* have fewer strokes and heart attacks

中风和心脏病发次数较少

* have a lower chance of becoming depressed

变得沮丧的几率更低

* are less likely to have advanced cancer at the time of diagnosis and more likely to survive cancer for a longer period of time

诊断时是癌症晚期的可能性小一些,(哪怕)在患癌的情况下,也更有可能活德更久

and survive a major operation more often.

往往更容易在大手术中幸存下来

One way to make sense of conflicting findings about marriage is to consider the quality of the relationship. Do the partners support each other, or do they give each other long-term, chronic stress?

要搞清关于婚姻的发现的冲突,有一个办法,就是考虑婚姻关系的质量。配偶间是互相支持,还是长期相互间给与对方不断的压力?

To find out how bad a stressful marriage is on health, researchers at two universities in the United States -- the University of Nevada, Reno and the University of Michigan -- teamed up. They followed 373 couples for 16 years.

为了弄清紧张的婚姻对健康到底有多大的坏处,美国两所大学的研究员合作进行,(两所大学为)内华达大学雷诺分校与密歇根大学。他们用了16年的时间追踪了337对夫妇(的婚姻状况)。

The researchers wanted to know if often conflicting over certain topics affected a person's health in a negative way. These topics included such things as children, money, in-laws and recreational activities.

研究人员想知道,在某些话题上经常发生冲突是否会对一个人的健康产生负面影响。这些话题包括诸如孩子、钱、姻亲和娱乐活动之类的事项。

They found a conflict-filled relationship harms the body in many ways. People in a stressful relationship can have damaging inflammation, extreme changes in appetite and increased levels of stress hormones. All these conditions can negatively affect many systems -- from heart function to how the body is able to fight diseases.

他们发现,冲突不断的婚姻关系在很多方面对身体产生伤害。身处紧张关系中的人,会(面临)患破坏性的炎症、食欲产生极端变化、应激激素(压力荷尔蒙)水上上升等问题。所有这些情况,会对身体系统从心脏功能到疾病抵抗能力产生负面影响。

The researchers also found that a bad marriage was harder on men's health than on women's.

研究人员还发现,比起对女性的健康的影响,糟糕的婚姻对男性的的健康影响更严重。

A key to a good marriage is communication

美满婚姻的关键在于沟通

A good marriage is not without arguments, stress and disagreements. What seems to matter most is how a couple speaks to each other. How do they handle their differences? How do they resolve an argument?

美满的婚姻不代表就没有争论、压力和分歧,最重要的是夫妇间如何交谈,以及他们如何处理他们之间的分歧?如何解决争论?

One of the lead researchers is Rosie Shrout with the University of Nevada, Reno. In an interview with The Guardian, Shrout says, "Conflict can be particularly damaging for health if spouses are hostile or defensive during disagreements." She adds that arguing about the same topic over and over again without finding a solution can also damage a person's health.

内华达大学雷诺分校的罗西·乔舒亚是首席研究员之一。乔舒亚在接受《卫报》采访时表示:“如果配偶在争论期间,彼此怀有敌意或防御意识,这样的冲突对健康尤为有害。”她补充到,一遍又一遍地争论同样的话题,而不找出解决的办法也会损害一个人的健康。

Shrout also spoke with The Guardian about the health benefits of marriage. She said the act of getting married does not make people healthier. Instead, she said, the support married people give each other can help them stay healthier, heal faster, and have better mental well-being.

乔舒亚还对《卫报》谈到了婚姻对健康的益处。她说:结婚的行为并不会让一个人更健康,而是已婚人士给予彼此的支持可以有助于他们更健康、康复更快,心理也更健康。

Tips for keeping your relationship healthy

保持良好婚姻关系的秘诀

On the website Women's Health, relationship experts and happy couples give their tips on how to keep a relationship healthy. Here are a few.

在《女性健康》网站上,情感专家和恩爱夫妻给出了他们关于如何保持良好关系的几个贴士。以下有几点。

Stop keeping score. A healthy relationship is not about winning and losing. In the bigger picture, who made the most money or who emptied the dishwasher last is not important.

不要计较。良好的关系不在于谁输谁赢。从大局来看,谁赚的钱多或者谁上次把洗碗机的盘子清出来都不重要。

Touch more. It does not have to be sexual touching. Simply holding hands can create stronger feelings between people. But now that we're on the subject, relationship experts claim that having sex more does help a couple stay close.

多一些爱抚。不一定是性接触。简单的牵手可以相互之间感情升温。不过我们现在也要谈谈这个话题了,情感专家称,更多的性生活可以让一对夫妇保持亲密。

Accept your in-laws. No family is perfect. Experts warn against complaining about your partner's family or trying to change them. Having a sense of humor is often the best approach.

接受你的姻亲。家家有本难念的经。专家告诫道,不要抱怨对方的家人或者试图改变他们。有幽默感往往是最佳的方法。

Turn off social media, stop texting, hide your phone and just hang out. Turning off social media and technology gives a couple the space to just be themselves. Playing a game, cooking a meal or taking a walk allows a couple to have simple fun together.

关掉社交媒体,停止发短信,将你的手机藏起来,然后出去消遣。关掉社交媒体和科技产品,会给夫妻们提供做回自己的空间。玩游戏、做饭或散步,让夫妻可以在一起享受简单的乐趣。

Learn how to fight fairly. Even couples in healthy relationships disagree. A relationship expert suggests that understanding how the other person deals with conflict can help a marriage in a big way. And don't be afraid of losing a fight. Remember the earlier tip about not keeping score.

学会如何公平地争论。即使再和谐的关系也会有意见不一致的情况。一位情感专家建议,了解如何处理冲突可以有助于彻底的拯救你的婚姻。不要害怕在争论中失败。记住前面关于不要计较的那条贴士。

You can read all 43 tips in this online slide show.

你可以点击翻阅43条贴士完整版。https://www.womenshealthmag.com/relationships/g19582459/secrets-of-happy-couples/?slide=38

And that's the Health & Lifestyle report.

以上就是本期健康和生活方式报告的内容。

I'm Anna Matteo.

我是安娜·马特奥

And I'm Bryan Lynn.

我是布莱恩. 林恩。

(小ew88中文Jewel翻译,欢迎捉虫!)

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