Last week on the podcast we talked about space health. Specifically, we told you about a new paper discussing the role that physicians will have to play in determining which citizens are fit enough for commercial jaunts into space.
上星期我们在播客里讨论了太空健康方面的话题，具体来说是围绕一个新的研究报告，报告讨论了医生在决定哪位市民适合去太空旅游时应该扮演的角色。

Now let's leap ahead, and much farther afield. What kinds of issues might a crew of astronauts face on a longer journey—say, a round-trip to Mars?
现在让我们跳跃前进，更进一步地研究这个话题：宇航员在长期的太空旅行，换句话说，环游火星时可能要面临的问题？

To find out, six volunteers spent a record 520 days confined to a simulated space habitat near Moscow. They emerged in 2011.
为了找到答案，六名志愿者创了历史纪录，花了520天待在墨西哥附近的模拟太空环境里。

Now a report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences shows that the simulated spaceflight did have real effects. Removed from natural light and the rhythms of everyday life, four crewmembers experienced some type of sleep disturbance. And one exhibited signs of chronic sleep deprivation in regular alertness tests. Overall, the crew also became more sedentary with time.
新发表在《国家科学研究院学报》上的报告显示模拟的太空环境的确能对人体产生作用。因为远离自然光线和日常生活节奏，其中四位队员经历了某种睡眠障碍。还有一位在定期的警觉性测试中表现出长期睡眠不足的迹象。总体来看，队员们坐式生活型态时间变得更长。

The researchers conclude that a real Mars mission would need to incorporate tactics such as timed light exposure or exercise to keep astronauts' circadian rhythms on beat. Because it would be a bad idea to land on Mars sleepy and out of shape.
研究人员总结到真正的太空任务需要纳入战术，例如定时接受阳光照射，或者锻炼身体以保持宇航员的生理节奏合拍。因为登上月球就昏昏欲睡，身材变形可不是好主意。