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哈佛大学亚裔歧视案开审 哈佛是如何辩护的?

kira86 于2018-10-22发布 l 已有人浏览
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哈佛大学亚裔歧视案开审,哈佛大学否认了这一指控,哈佛大学具体是如何辩护的?
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Harvard University goes on trial in Boston today for alleged discrimination against Asian-Americans. The group that's suing the school is called Students for Fair Admissions, and it claims the university systematically ranks Asian-American applicants lower on personality characteristics. Harvard denies this charge. Joining us now, reporter Kirk Carapezza of Boston member station WGBH. He's been following this story closely. Kirk, thanks for being here.

今天,哈佛大学因被控歧视亚裔美国学生在波士顿出庭。起诉哈佛大学的组织名为“公平录取学生”,该组织指控哈佛大学系统性地为亚裔美国申请者的个人评分打低分。哈佛大学否认了这一指控。下面我们将连线波士顿成员站WGBH的记者柯克·卡拉佩扎。他一直在密切关注这起案件。柯克,谢谢你和我们连线。

KIRK CARAPEZZA, BYLINE: Hey. Good morning, Rachel.

柯克·卡拉佩扎连线:你好。早上好,蕾切尔。

MARTIN: So I just gave the broad brush strokes of what the suit is about, but can you get more detailed? What is the central allegation here?

马丁:我刚刚大致说明了一下这起案件,你能介绍一下详细情况吗?关键指控是什么?

CARAPEZZA: Sure. The group Students for Fair Admissions, led by conservative legal strategist Edward Blum, is claiming that Harvard caps the number of academically qualified Asian-American applicants by using these personal ratings. In court, the group will need to prove that Harvard is intentionally rejecting the applicants because they're Asian, because of their race. I spoke with attorney Lee Cheng with the Asian American Legal Foundation, which is supporting this lawsuit. Cheng is Chinese-American, and he's also a Harvard graduate.

卡拉佩扎:当然可以。“公平录取学生”组织由保守派法律顾问爱德华·布鲁姆领导,该组织指控哈佛大学用个人评分来限制亚裔美国申请者的合格人数。这一组织要在法庭上证明哈佛大学是有意拒绝那些申请者的,因为他们是亚裔,因为他们的种族而拒绝他们。我采访了亚裔美国人法律基金会的律师程里,他支持这起诉讼。程里是华裔美国人,他也是哈佛大学的毕业生。

LEE CHENG: Harvard is systematically saying that Asian candidates are not likable and don't have good personalities by orders of magnitudes less than candidates of any other ethnic group, which is really nothing but racist. It perpetuates and feeds and creates stereotypes.

程里:哈佛大学系统性地认为亚裔申请者不招人喜欢,性格不如其他族裔申请人,这纯粹是种族主义。这是在传播、助长和创造刻板印象。

MARTIN: So just to be clear, Kirk - so Harvard uses this personality rating system for all applicants. It's just that this group is alleging that Asian-American applicants are the ones who get dinged most often.

马丁:柯克,需要明确一下,哈佛大学用这种个人评分系统对所有申请者进行评价。而该组织认为亚裔美国申请者的利益最常受到损害。

CARAPEZZA: Right, Rachel. They're - the group is claiming that Harvard is using these rankings to racially balance its classes, which is illegal. It's unconstitutional.

卡拉佩扎:没错,蕾切尔。该组织称哈佛大学利用这些评分来使班级保持种族平衡,而这是违法行为。是违法宪法的行为。

MARTIN: So how is Harvard waging a defense?

马丁:哈佛大学是如何辩护的?

CARAPEZZA: Harvard says there's been no discrimination against Asian-American applicants. And it continuously points out that Asian-Americans now account for 23 percent of all admitted students, and they make up just 6 percent of the U.S. population. At a higher education event in Detroit last month, I caught up with Harvard's new president, Larry Bacow, and he defended the college's admissions process.

卡拉佩扎:哈佛表示,不存在歧视亚裔美国申请者的行为。哈佛一直表示,目前亚裔美国学生占哈佛录取学生总数的23%,而且亚裔在美国总人口中的占比为6%。上个月底特律市举办了一场高等教育活动,我在那里采访了哈佛大学新任校长拉里·巴考,他为哈佛的招生程序进行了辩护。

LARRY BACOW: Nobody wants to be judged on their numbers alone. People understand and recognize that we learn from our differences, that creating a diverse learning environment enriches the learning experience for every student on campus.

拉里·巴考:没人愿意仅凭分数被评价。人们理解并认同的是,我们要接受彼此的差异,营造多元化学习环境,丰富校园里所有学生的学习经历。

CARAPEZZA: And Bacow says what's at stake here is Harvard and higher education's ability to create that diverse environment, which he argues is central to its mission.

卡拉佩扎:巴考表示,关键是哈佛大学和高等教育创造多元化环境的能力,他认为这是核心任务。

MARTIN: The Trump administration has come out and weighed in on this. The Department of Justice is backing the plaintiffs. Is going to make a difference?

马丁:特朗普政府公开对这起案件发表了看法。美国司法部支持原告方。这会影响结果吗?

CARAPEZZA: Right. Last month, the Justice Department filed a brief in support of the lawsuit, saying Harvard's admissions process, quote, "may be infected with racial bias." Here in Boston, Judge Allison Burroughs will preside over the trial. And she was nominated by President Obama back in 2014. And she's the same judge who blocked President Trump's executive order designed to ban refugees and immigrants from seven predominantly Muslim countries. Judge Burroughs is known for her independent streak, so I don't think she'll be swayed by the Justice Department or the Trump administration or any other political agenda.

卡拉佩扎:对。上个月,司法部发表简短说明,表示支持这起诉讼,称哈佛大学的招生程序“可能感染了种族偏见”。波士顿法官艾莉森·巴勒斯将负责审理这起案件。她在2014年由奥巴马总统提名。她也是阻止特朗普总统行政令的那名法官,该行政令禁止7个以穆斯林为主国家的难民和移民入境美国。巴勒斯法官以独立的个性闻名,因此我认为她不会因司法部或特朗普政府或其他任何政治进程而动摇。

MARTIN: I mean, this is about Harvard, but could this case have an impact on admissions policies at other schools?

马丁:这起案件涉及哈佛大学,那可能对其他学校的招生政策造成影响吗?

CARAPEZZA: Civil rights leaders certainly worry about that. They see this lawsuit as a direct attack on race-conscious admissions, which for the past 40 years the Supreme Court has allowed if carefully done. Students for Fair Admissions has explicitly said their goal is to overturn that precedent. And they want selective schools like Harvard to stop considering race altogether.

卡拉佩扎:民权领袖当然会感到担心。他们认为这起诉讼是对带有种族意识的招生政策的直接攻击,而过去40年来,虽然做法很谨慎,但美国最高法院曾允许这种行为。“公平录取学生”组织明确表示,他们的目标是推翻这一先例。他们希望哈佛大学等重点学校不再考虑种族因素。

MARTIN: Reporter Kirk Carapezza from WGBH in Boston, thanks so much.

马丁:以上是波士顿成员站WGBH的记者柯克·卡拉佩扎带来的报道,非常谢谢你。

CARAPEZZA: Thanks, Rachel.

卡拉佩扎:谢谢,蕾切尔。

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