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名师答疑:不可数食物在什么情况下会变成可数?

kira86 于2018-10-09发布 l 已有人浏览
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不可数食物在什么情况下会变成可数,需要用复数形式?那不可数的食物与可数的食物的复数又有何差别呢?
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Ask a Teacher: Foods We Count...or Don't

名师答疑:食物到底是可数还是不可数

You probably know a lot of food words, such as bread, apple and rice. But knowing which foods are countable and which are not can be tricky.

或许你知道许多关于食物的单词,如面包、苹果和大米。但哪种食物可数,哪种食物不可数令人感到复杂难解。

In today's Ask a Teacher, Abdo from Sudan writes:

今天的名师问答节目中,来自苏丹的阿布都写到:

How do I know which foods can be plural? For example, if I want two of some food, can I say, "I would like two beefs" or "I would like two breads"?

我如何才能知道哪种食物类单词可以变复数?例如,如果我想要两份某种食物,我可不可以说“I would like two beefs”或是“I would like two breads”。

Hello Abdo and thanks for writing to us!

阿布都你好,感谢你的来信。

To answer your question, it depends on where you are asking for these things.

你的问题答案取决于你在哪里询问这些事情。

If you are asking for bread in a restaurant, you're probably asking for slices (or pieces), but in a bakery, you're probably asking for loaves. If you are asking for beef in a market, you're probably asking for grams. But, in a restaurant, you're likely to ask for pieces.

如果是在饭店里点面包,可以用slices或pieces来表示复数,但如果是在面包店里,就可以用loaves表示。如果是在市场里买牛肉,可以用grams来表示。但如果是在饭店里,就需要用pieces来表示。

In other words, you do not add an "-s" to "beef" or "bread." That is because these foods are noncount nouns - nouns that have only one form. They do not have a plural. Meats, grains and liquids are usually noncount nouns. Sugar, salt and pepper are, too.

换句话说就是beef或bread后边不能加s。这是因为这类食物单词是不可数名词,即只有一种形式的名词。它们没有复数形式。表示肉类、谷类和液体类食物的单词通常都是不可数名词。糖类、盐类和胡椒粉类也不可数。

To show you are talking about more than one of these nouns, you put another word or phrase in front of them. Often different foods take different wording.

如果想表达这类单词的复数形式,可以在前面添加一个单词或词组。一般情况下,不同的食物前所加的单词不同。

Below are some common phrases you might use:

以下是一些常用的短语:

Two bowls of rice

两碗米饭

Two ears of corn

两根玉米

Two bags of flour

两包面粉

Two pieces or loaves of bread

两片面包

Piece also works for meats when you are asking for an amount of food for a plate:

在表示盘子里的食物数量时,可以用piece表示肉类食物:

Two pieces of chicken

两片鸡肉

Two pieces of lamb

两片羊肉

Two pieces of fish

两片鱼肉

Two pieces of beef

两片牛肉

If you are shopping in a market, you might ask for two grams of chicken, lamb or other meat.

如果是在市场购物时,可以说两克鸡肉,两克羊肉或是其他肉类。

With liquids, you often describe the container it comes in.

谈论液体时通常都用盛液体容器表示。

Two glasses of water, milk or juice

两杯水、牛奶或橘汁

Two cups of coffee or tea

两杯咖啡或茶

Two cans or bottles of soda

两罐或两瓶苏打水

Two pitchers of lemonade

两罐柠檬水

For sugar, salt and pepper, it also depends on whether you are purchasing an amount or just want a small amount for your meal.

糖、盐和胡椒类也取决于购买的数量还是仅需要在食物里加一点。

Two packs or bags of sugar or

两包糖或是

Two pinches or shakers of salt or pepper

两撮盐或胡椒粉

The good news is that most other food nouns are count nouns. They have singular and plural forms. For example, "apple" is a singular count noun. To make it plural, you can just write or say "apples." Whew! That is a lot easier.

好消息是其他大多数食物单词都是可数名词。他们有单复数变形。例如,“apple”是单数形式。变复数的话可以写成或说成“apples”。哇,这样简单多了。

And that's Ask a Teacher.

以上就是本期名师问答的全部内容。

I'm Alice Bryant.

爱丽丝·布莱恩特为您播报。

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