w88中文单词

分类词汇单词学习背单词法词汇辨析词汇搭配构词知识综合词汇词汇趣谈基础单词

BBC六分钟词汇基础篇03: 前缀un-, in-, dis-

kira86 于2020-07-13发布
增大字体 减小字体
本期BBC六分钟单词的节目中将认识词汇的前缀un-, in-, dis-的用法,还会教给大家一个学习词汇的最佳技巧。
    小Ew88中文欢迎您,请点击播放按钮开始播放……

Prefixes: un-, in-, dis-

前缀:un-, in-, dis-

Finn: Hello and welcome to 6 Minute Vocabulary - if you're serious about vocabulary, we'll show you how to learn it. I'm Finn...

大家好,欢迎来到6分钟单词——如果你真心想学词汇,我们会教你。我是Finn。

Alice: And I'm Alice. In today's show we're going to look at a very interesting area of vocabulary - prefixes.

我是Alice。今天的节目中,我们来看一种很有趣的词汇部分——前缀。

Finn: We'll look at what they are, what they mean and how to use them.

我们来看看这些前缀有哪些以及它们的含义和用法。

Alice: There'll be a quiz...

还会有测验哦……

Finn: And we'll leave you with a top tip for learning vocabulary.

我们还会教给大家一个学习词汇的最佳技巧。

Alice: But before all that, we're going to hear from Dave. He's just got back from lunch, but he isn't happy.

但在此之前,我们要先来听听Dave说的话。他刚吃完午饭回来,但他不开心。

Finn: Now, a question to think about while you listen: what was the problem with Dave's food?

听的过程中思考一个问题:Dave吃的食物有什么问题?

Alice: What was the problem with Dave's food? Let's find out.

Dave吃的食物有什么问题呢?我们一起来找出答案吧。

Example: I just tried the new seafood restaurant, and I wish I hadn't. It was intolerable! To start with, my seat was really uncomfortable. I had no room to move. And the menu was very misleading. The photos looked nothing like the actual food. When my food came it was uncooked. I told the waiter, but he disagreed. He said it was fine. He said he'd eat it himself! And I looked in the kitchen - it was really unhygienic. There was food all over the floor. It was a disgrace!

我刚去新开的海鲜餐厅吃饭了,但我现在追悔莫及。简直是忍无可忍!首先,我的座位一点都不舒适,连活动空间都没有。而且菜单也很误导人,那上面的照片看上去根本不像是真实的食物。菜上来之后我发现并没有煮熟。我把这告诉了服务员,但他不承认,并且坚持说煮熟了,而且他本人也是这样吃的!我看向厨房——那里真的很不卫生。地板上丢满了食物。真是可耻!

Finn: So Dave's pretty unhappy. And what was wrong with his food?

所以Dave很不开心。那么他的食物怎么了呢?

Alice: Well, he said that it was uncooked. It was cold and raw because it hadn't been cooked.

他说他点的菜没有煮熟,完全就是冷冰冰的生肉。

Finn: Not very nice! Well done if you got that right at home. Now, uncooked is an example of the vocabulary area we're looking at today - prefixes.

太糟糕了!如果你在家里也做对了,那你很棒哦。Uncooked这个词就是我们今天所学的构词部分——前缀的一个例子。

Alice: Yes: prefixes - or as some people say: prefixes. Prefixes, prefixes. A prefix is a small part of a word, usually just a couple of letters, that we put at the front of a base word to change its meaning. For example, the prefix un, spelt u-n, is added to happy, to make unhappy, which means not happy.

是的:前缀——或者像有些人说的:前缀。前缀,前缀。前缀是一个单词的一小部分,通常只有几个字母,我们把它放在一个基本单词的前面来改变它的意思。例如,前缀un,拼写为u-n,被添加到happy这个词前面,就表示不高兴。

Finn: And Dave was unhappy about the restaurant.

Dave对餐厅不满意。

Alice: Yes. He said the seats were uncomfortable - meaning not comfortable, and the kitchen was unhygienic, meaning unclean - not clean.

是的。他说他的座位不舒适——意思是不舒服,他还说厨房不卫生,即没有打扫干净。

Finn: So that's un, meaning 'not' - and all today's prefixes have the meaning of not. So, Dave said the meal was intolerable. Intolerable. In - spelt i-n - is another prefix that can mean not - and poor Dave couldn't tolerate the meal. Now, let's listen to a bit more of Dave.

那么un-前缀的意思就是“不”——今天所有讲到的前缀都是否定的意思。所以Dave所说的菜品对忍无可忍中的“intolerable”就是由前缀in-,拼写为i-n-构成的含有否定意义的词——即可怜的Dave对菜品忍无可忍。我们再来多听听Dave所说的话。

Example: ...I told the waiter, but he disagreed. He said it was fine.

……我告诉了服务员,但他不承认,并说菜是熟的。

Finn: The waiter disagreed with him about the food. The prefix dis, spelt d-i-s, means not, or 'to do the opposite', like disagree - to not agree.

服务员不同意他对菜品的评价。前缀dis-拼写为d-i-s-表否定或“相反”,比如disagree的意思就是不同意。

Alice: Yes, and Dave said it was a disgrace - they should be ashamed of it.

对,Dave还说了可耻——意思是他们应该感到羞耻。

Finn: Let's hear today's prefixes again.

我们再来听听今天学的前缀。

Alice: The first one was: un.

第一个是un

Finn: Unhappy, uncooked, unhygienic, unclean.

不高兴,未煮过的,不卫生的,不干净的

Alice: In.

还有in

Finn: Intolerable, inexpensive.

忍无可忍的,便宜的

Alice: Dis.

前缀。Dis

Finn: Disagree, disgrace.

不同意,可耻

You're listening to bbclearningenglish.com

你正在收听的是BBCw88中文学习频道。

Finn: And it's time for a quiz. Try to work out the word that finishes the sentence. Ready? Number 1. The advert said that the phone was £5 a month, but it didn't say anything about the £50 set-up fee. It was very... a) unhappy b) inexpensive c) misleading.

是时候做个小测验了。试着找出能完成句子的单词。准备好了吗?第一题:广告上说这款手机每月收费5英镑,但没有提到50英镑的设置费。这是非常…

Alice: The advert made people believe something that isn't true, so it was very... c) misleading.

这个广告让人们相信一些不真实的东西,所以它非常……选c)misleading。

Finn: Now number 2. This letter has come to the wrong house. There's been a... a) mistake b) disgrace c) disagreement.

现在来看第二题:这封信送错了人。肯定是搞错了……

Alice: It's not correct so... a) mistake.

不正确的,所以选a)mistake。

Finn: Well done if you got those right.

如果你都做对了,那你很棒。

Alice: And that brings us almost to the end of today's programme.

我们的节目又接近尾声了。

Finn: Before we go, here's today's top tip for learning vocabulary: if you look up some of today's words in a dictionary, you'll find lots more words starting with the same prefixes. Many of them may be words that you already knew without the prefix. So, when you add a prefix, you get two words for the price of one!

结束之前,给大家送上今天学习词汇的小贴士:如果你在字典里查一些今天学到的单词,你会发现很多单词都有相同的前缀。其中很多单词你可能已经知道了,但没有前缀。因此,当你添加一个前缀时,就能一举两得!

Alice: That's brilliant. Sounds like a good way to quickly double your vocabulary. There's more about this at bbclearningenglish.com. Join us again for more 6 Minute Vocabulary.

太棒了。听起来是个能让你的词汇量迅速增加一倍的好方法。更多信息请访问bbclearningenglish.com。欢迎继续收听我们的6分钟词汇节目。

Both: Bye!

再见!

Points:

知识点:

Here are the prefixes and examples used in the programme:

以下是节目中使用的前缀和例句。

un-

前缀un-

unhappy: not happy

不高兴

The football fans were very unhappy when their team lost.

当他们的球队输球时,球迷们很不高兴。

uncooked: not cooked

未煮过的

You can't eat these uncooked apples. They are very sour.

你不能吃这些生苹果。它们很酸。

unclean: not clean

不干净的

That water is unclean. You shouldn't drink it.

水不干净,你不应该喝。

in-

前缀in-

intolerable : cannot be tolerated or accepted

无法忍受或接受

This heat is intolerable. It's making me feel ill.

热得让人受不了。这让我觉得不舒服。

inexpensive

not expensive; cheap 不昂贵的;便宜的

The shop sells inexpensive second-hand computers.

这家商店出售廉价的二手电脑。

inactive: not active 

不活跃的

He's put on weight because he is so inactive. He should join a gym!

他长胖了,因为他太懒了。他应该去健身房!

dis-

前缀dis-

disagree: to not agree 

不同意

I disagree with my sister about everything.

我在任何事情上都和我姐姐意见不一致。

disgrace: something to be ashamed of 

感到羞耻的事

Your table manners are a disgrace.

你的餐桌举止真丢人。

disgusting: so horrible that you feel sick 

糟糕到让人恶心

There's a disgusting smell in the bathroom - open a window, quickly!

浴室里有一股恶心的气味——快把窗户打开!

 1 2 下一页

分享到

基础单词排行