4000 Essential English Words 6 Paul Nation
4000w88中文核心词汇6 保罗·纳森
Unit 3 Word List
第3单元 单词表
absurd adj.
荒谬的
If something or someone is absurd, they are ridiculous.
荒谬可笑的。
→ That group of people making animal noises sounds completely absurd.
那群人发出动物的叫声，听起来很荒谬。
anemia n.
贫血
Anemia is a blood condition that causes a person to be pale and tired.
一种血液状况，导致一个人苍白和疲惫。
→ When she first developed anemia, she became tired often.
她第一次患上贫血时，经常感到疲倦。
aristocracy n.
贵族
The aristocracy is the highest class of people in certain societies.
某些社会中的最高阶级。
→ Most members of the aristocracy were very well-fed.
大多数贵族都吃得很好。
aristocrat n.
贵族
An aristocrat is a person who is of the highest class in certain societies.
指在某些社会中社会地位最高的人。
→ The aristocrat did not need a job because his family was wealthy.
这个贵族不需要工作，因为他的家庭很富有。
attire n.
服装
Attire is nice or special clothing.
漂亮或特别的衣服。
→ Everyone wore their best attire to the president's daughter's wedding.
每个人都穿着最好的衣服去参加总统女儿的婚礼。
craze n.
狂热
A craze is a brief and popular activity or object.
一种简短而流行的活动或物体。
→ Wearing bright red socks was a craze when I was in high school.
我上高中的时候，穿鲜红色的袜子是一种时尚。
enlarge
扩大
To enlarge something means to make it bigger.
意为使某物变大。
→ The classrooms were enlarged over the summer to make room for more students.
为了给更多的学生腾出地方，教室在夏天扩建了。
excess n.
超过
An excess is an amount of something that is more than needed or wanted.
指某物超过需要的数量。
→ Because it never got cold that winter, many stores had an excess of coats.
由于那年冬天天气从不冷，许多商店都有多余的大衣。
feminine adj.
女性的
If something is feminine, then it has qualities that are commonly related to women.
有通常与女性相关的特质。
→ Many of the older people thought his long hair made him look too feminine.
许多老年人认为他的长发让他看起来太女性化了。
hallmark n.
特点
A hallmark is a unique characteristic of something.
某物的独特特征。
→ Different types of pasta and tomato sauces are hallmarks of Italian food.
不同种类的意大利面和番茄酱是意大利食物的标志。
pad n.
衬垫
A pad is a thick piece of soft material used to protect or clean things.
一块用来保护或清洁东西的厚软材料。
→ Football players wear shoulder pads to keep them safe.
足球运动员戴垫肩以保证安全。
predominant adj.
主要的
If something is predominant, then it is the most important, common or strongest.
最重要、最普通或最强大的。
→ Before cars were invented, horses were the predominant method of travel.
发明汽车之前，主要的出行方式是骑马。
reputable adj.
声誉好的
If someone or something is reputable, then they have a good reputation.
有良好的声誉的。
→ The service from the less than reputable company made her angry.
那家名声不好的公司提供的服务使她很生气。
rouge n.
胭脂
Rouge is a red powder or cream used as makeup on the cheeks or lips.
一种用于脸颊或嘴唇化妆的红色粉末或奶油。
→ Even when she didn't wear rouge, her cheeks appeared red.
即使她不擦胭脂，她的脸颊也显得红红的。
signify v.
表示
To signify means to be a symbol of something.
某事的象征。
→ A red octagon is used to signify to stop.
一个红色的八边形表示停止。
strap n.
带子
A strap is a thin long piece of fabric used to fasten, carry, or hold something.
一种细长的织物，用来绑定、携带或固定某物。
→ She put the strap of her purse over her shoulder and walked out of the door.
她把手提包的带子搭在肩上，走出了门。
tangle n.
缠结
A tangle is something or many things twisted together.
指很多东西缠在一起。
→ The laces of his shoes were in such a tangle that he could not untie them.
他的鞋带乱成一团，他解不开。
vanity n.
虚荣心
Vanity is excessive pride or love of one's own appearance or things one has done.
对自己外表或所做事情的过分骄傲或喜爱。
→ Her vanity won't allow her to pass a mirror without looking at herself.
她的虚荣心不允许她走过镜子而不看。
vie v.
争夺
To vie for something means to compete against others for it.
意思是和别人竞争。
→ The three boys vied for the prize in the chemistry contest.
这三个男孩在化学竞赛中争夺奖品。
vulgar adj.
粗俗的
If something or someone is vulgar, then they are rude or lacking in style.
粗鲁的或缺乏风格的。
→ Her vulgar behavior got her into trouble with her parents.
他的粗鲁行为惹恼了父母。
Dressed to Excess
穿着过度
If you traveled back in time to the 1700s in Europe, you would laugh when you saw how the aristocracy dressed. Soon you'd realize, though, that the aristocrats of Europe were very serious about their appearance.
如果你回到18世纪的欧洲，当你看到贵族们的穿着时，你一定会笑。不过，你很快就会意识到，欧洲的贵族们对自己的外表非常讲究。
The predominant style in women's attire was enormous dresses. They were often three times larger than the wearer. Ladies even used pads to enlarge the appearance of their hips and shoulders. On the other extreme, the aristocratic women made their waists appear extremely thin. It took several maids stretching fabric and pulling straps in order to get a lady's waist to the proper thinness. These ladies could barely breathe and often fainted.
妇女服装的主要式样是宽大的连衣裙。它们通常比体型大三倍。女士们甚至用卫生巾来扩大臀部和肩膀的外观。另一个极端是，贵族妇女使她们的腰显得非常瘦。这就需要几个女佣拉伸衣服和皮带，以显得腰部的纤细。这些一来，她们几乎不能呼吸，经常晕倒。
Pale skin was also a craze, yet this too was done in excess. One could not simply be pale. Instead, she needed to look as if she had anemia. In order to look paler, ladies actually cut themselves daily, so they would bleed.
苍白的皮肤也是一种狂热，然而这也做得太过火了。一个人看起来面色苍白是不够的，相反，还需要看起来像是贫血一样。为了让自己看起来更苍白，女士们实际上每天都会割伤自己，这样做的目的是放血。
The hairstyles, however, were the hallmark of women's fashion. These stood a meter high on the ladies' heads. The columns of hair were a ridiculous tangle of wigs, jewels, flowers, and even stuffed birds.
然而，发型是女性时尚的标志。她们的头顶有一米高。那一缕头发是一堆可笑的假发、珠宝、鲜花，甚至是鸟类标本。
Men's fashion was similarly absurd. Today it would probably seem very feminine. Reputable men wore wigs of long curly hair. Their shoes had large soles or high heels so that they could walk high above the filth on the streets. Furthermore, just like the ladies, the men wore lipstick and put rouge on their cheeks.
男性时尚也同样荒谬。在今天看来，可能显得很女性化。有名望的人戴着长长的卷发假发，他们的鞋子有大鞋底或高跟，这样他们就可以免于踩踏街上的污秽。而且，就像女士们一样，男士们也涂口红和胭脂。
Their clothes were brightly colored, often purple and pink. They were made from the finest of fabrics and decorated with jewels and lace. The men vied with one another to see who wore the more expensive clothes, for the clothing signified his wealth and status.
他们的衣服颜色鲜艳，通常是紫色和粉红色。她们选用最好的布料，并用珠宝和花边装饰。男人们争着看谁穿的衣服更贵，因为衣服象征着他的财富和地位。
Both men and women spent huge amounts of money and time on how they looked. Though such vanity would seem vulgar today, three hundred years from now, the fashions of our time might also seem completely ridiculous.
男人和女人都花了大量的金钱和时间来打扮自己。尽管这种虚荣心在三百年后的今天会显得庸俗不堪，但我们这个时代的风尚也可能显得完全荒谬可笑。