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英格兰溪流中发现特殊物质 火星生命之谜或被揭开

kira86 于2018-05-31发布 l 已有人浏览
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地球化学家在英格兰南部海岸的圣奥斯瓦尔德湾发现一种特殊的矿物质,可能会研究火星提供一个意想不到的突破口。
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English Streams May Yield Clues to Martian Life

英格兰溪流中发现特殊物质,火星生命之谜或被揭开

St Oswald's Bay on England's southern coast may not look much like Mars today but Imperial College London geochemist Mark Sephton says minerals in these streams may provide an unexpected window into Martian history."Those minerals are actually picking up the molecular markers of life for the organisms that surround them.And what's really exciting is that these minerals are very similar to minerals we expect to find on Mars and previously we just wouldn't have looked at those minerals."

英格兰南部海岸的圣奥斯瓦尔德湾看起来可能和火星环境不太一样,但帝国理工学院(Imperial College London)地球化学家马克·塞弗顿表示,这些溪流中的矿物质可能为研究火星历史提供一个意想不到的突破口。“这些矿物质实际上是它们周围生物体的分子标记,表示存在生命迹象。真正令人兴奋的是,这些矿物质与我们期望在火星上发现的矿物质非常相似,之前我们没注意到这些矿物质。”

These streams are acidic and high in sulfur like experts say Mars was 3.5 to 4 billion years ago.Scientists did not think the Red Planet's iron-rich rocks would be good at preserving traces of life if it existed then.But Sephton's graduate student Jonathan Tan found one mineral in those English streams that does."All we found is that goethite which is that ion oxyhydroxide is especially good for preserving these organic materials that we find in this, in the organisms that live in these sulfur streams."And he says what happens in St Oswald's Bay may have happened on Mars.The group published their discovery in the Journal Scientific Reports.Sephton says it can help the next mission to Mars know where to look for signs of life.

这些溪流酸性很高,硫磺含量也很高,专家们认为,这和火星在三十五亿至四十亿年前的环境非常相似。科学家们之前认为,如果火星上真的存在过生命的话,那么这颗红色星球上含铁丰富的矿石并不能很好地保留生命痕迹。但塞弗顿的学生乔纳森·坦在那些溪流中发现了一种矿物质,能够保存生命痕迹。“通过研究,我们发现了针铁矿,同时离子羟基氧化物特别有利于保存有机物质,这些有机物质存在于强酸性溪流的有机体中。”他认为,圣奥斯瓦尔德湾发生的事情可能也同样发生在火星。该团队在《科学报告》期刊上发表了他们的发现。塞弗顿称,它会对接下来的火星探索很有帮助,知道在哪里寻找生命迹象。

Theses missions are very expensive and so by studying these rocks on earth,we can narrow down our opportunities on Mars and increase the chances of success that is the chances of successful life detection if it ever existed on Mars in the past.

“火星探索计划成本高昂,所以通过研究地球上的这些岩石,我们可以降低在火星上的测试成本,增加成功几率,如果火星上真的存在过生命的话,这样能增加火星生命探测计划成功的几率。”

The next chance maybe the European space agency's upcoming exile Mars mission set to launch in 2020.

下一次机会可能是欧洲航天局在即将到来的2020年开展的“火星2020”任务。

Steve Baragona, VOA news.

VOA新闻,史蒂夫·巴拉贡为您播报。

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